نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Seymour Chatman belongs to a group of narratologists of the late period with a distance of two thousand years from the ancient period. In 1978, he published the book “Story and Discourse,” in which he discussed cinema by going through the narratology of stories. Influenced by structuralists, Chatman divided the narrative theory into two parts: story and discourse. “The term ‘story’ is used to refer to the content aspect of the narrative, and ‘discourse’ is used to refer to the expression of the narrative” (Thomas, 2022, 62). Then he separated the existential elements of the narrative in cinema and expressed his opinion. Chatman's explanation of the basic levels of narrative paves the way for an examination of other media. For example, the Bunraku puppet show, which is about four hundred years old, is a narrative of plays whose actors are puppets that are brought to life by three players. In this particular genre, the sound is separated from the stage and settled in a corner. The narrator tells the story of the characters with a range of emotions alone. However, puppet theater needs believability, so how does it convey the narrative to the audience as a medium? In this article, an attempt is made to model Chatman's theories in an analytical-descriptive way and to extract the existential elements of the discourse in Bunraku puppet theater, and then by addressing the limitations of the puppets, a narrative system is formulated between three visual, vocal, and musical aspects.
کلیدواژهها English
