Siah-Bazi, as one of the traditional theatrical forms of Iran, is fundamentally based on improvisation, exaggerated bodily expression, and direct interaction between performer and audience. Within this performance tradition, cultural context plays a decisive role in shaping performative strategies as well as the ways in which audiences perceive and respond to the performance. This study aims to examine the role of cultural context in the performer’s bodily mise-en-scène and the audience’s response in Siah-Bazi. The central problem of the research is to explain how cultural codes and signs are reproduced through bodily movements, performance patterns, and improvisational practices in this theatrical genre, and how these elements are perceived and interpreted by audiences during the performance process. The research adopts an analytical–descriptive approach and draws upon interdisciplinary perspectives from performance studies and cultural studies. The methodological framework is based on the qualitative analysis of the interaction between the performer’s bodily mise-en-scène and the audience’s response, alongside an examination of how cultural signs are received and interpreted within the context of performance. In this framework, particular attention is given to the relationship between the expressive capacity of the performer’s body, the performative structures of Siah-Bazi, and the shared cultural background that connects performer and audience. Through this analytical perspective, the study seeks to clarify how bodily expression functions as a key medium for the transmission of culturally embedded meanings within the performance. The findings indicate that cultural context in Siah-Bazi functions not merely as a surrounding background but as a structuring element in the formation of meaning, the organization of bodily actions, and the social function of the performance itself. In this theatrical form, the performer’s body operates as an important performative instrument through which a connection is established between physical expression and audience perception. Furthermore, bodily exaggeration, improvisation, and inherited performance codes acquire their significance within a broader cultural framework, and their effectiveness largely depends on the cultural common ground shared by performers and spectators. Accordingly, the success of Siah-Bazi can be understood as the result of a precise coordination between the performer’s embodied expression and the audience’s shared cultural context.